Isolated DWI restriction in acute ischemia — useful window?

Diffusion restriction appears in minutes to hours and persists for days to weeks. ADC pseudonormalizes around 7–10 days — always correlate with FLAIR (DWI/FLAIR mismatch can estimate window).

Multiple sclerosis — current criteria?

McDonald 2017 criteria: dissemination in space (lesions in ≥ 2 of 4 typical regions) and time (enhancing + non-enhancing lesions simultaneously, or new lesion on follow-up MRI).

When to order perfusion / spectroscopy?

For brain tumor characterization (glioma grading), differentiation of recurrence vs radionecrosis and suspected metabolic disease.

Report template — MRI of skull/brain

When to use

Brain MRI is the most sensitive method for acute ischemia (DWI), demyelinating lesions (multiple sclerosis), epilepsy, dementia, tumors, CNS infections and vascular malformations. In emergencies, CT remains first-line due to speed; MRI completes the workup.

What to evaluate

Diffusion (DWI/ADC): acute restrictions and vascular distribution pattern.
FLAIR: white matter lesions, MS distribution pattern (McDonald criteria).
Post-gadolinium T1: focal enhancement, pattern (ring, solid, leptomeningeal).
Susceptibility-weighted (SWI/SWAN): microhemorrhages, deposits.
Deep structures, posterior fossa, sella, skull base.

Interactive template

Fill the blanks0/0

Técnica: TEC 1 – SC: Exame realizado com aquisições multiplanares pelas técnicas de spin-echo pesada em T1 (sem meio de contraste), turbo spin-echo pesada em T2, ecoplanar pesada em difusão (DWI) e técnicas FLAIR e SWAN. TEC 2 – CC: Exame realizado com aquisições multiplanares pelas técnicas de spin-echo pesada em T1 (antes e após a administração endovenosa do meio de contraste paramagnético - gadolínio), turbo spin-echo pesada em T2, ecoplanar pesada em difusão (DWI) e técnicas FLAIR e SWAN. Análise: - Sistema ventricular: forma e dimensões conservadas. - Sulcos corticais e cisternas basais: amplitude preservada. - Parênquima encefálico: forma e características de sinal conservadas. - Áreas de restrição à difusão: ausentes. #### - Realces focais anômalos: ausentes. Comparação: Estudos anteriores não disponíveis para a análise. Conclusão: Exame de ressonância magnética do crânio dentro dos parâmetros da normalidade.

Template in Brazilian Portuguese (clinical reporting language). Adapt to your service protocol. Not medical advice — the physician reviews, edits and signs.

How to use

Replace each [...] with the exam's measurement or descriptor.
Adapt the conclusion to your service protocol before signing.
Use the template as a starting point — not a replacement for physician review.
In Laudos.AI, dictate findings in natural speech and the AI structures text in this format for review.

Frequently asked

Isolated DWI restriction in acute ischemia — useful window?: Diffusion restriction appears in minutes to hours and persists for days to weeks. ADC pseudonormalizes around 7–10 days — always correlate with FLAIR (DWI/FLAIR mismatch can estimate window).
Multiple sclerosis — current criteria?: McDonald 2017 criteria: dissemination in space (lesions in ≥ 2 of 4 typical regions) and time (enhancing + non-enhancing lesions simultaneously, or new lesion on follow-up MRI).
When to order perfusion / spectroscopy?: For brain tumor characterization (glioma grading), differentiation of recurrence vs radionecrosis and suspected metabolic disease.

References

Thompson AJ et al., Lancet Neurol 2018 (McDonald 2017).
Powers WJ et al., Stroke 2019.